Advisor Blog
The January Barometer
Most of us have heard, at one time or another, about how the direction of the stock market during the month of January can be predictive of the subsequent year's market performance. This is often referred to as the "January Barometer" or something similar. But, does the data support a belief in the predictive ability of the first month of the year?
The S&P 500 index had a negative return for January 2010, provoking all kinds of speculation about the future direction of the stock market. We took a look at the performance of the S&P 500 in January from 1927 through 2010. The monthly return was negative in 31 of those years. In 15 of the 31 years with a negative January return, the annual return was actually positive. In 16 of the 31 years, the return was negative. So, how did this work as a predictor of annual market performance? About as well as flipping a coin.
What we can learn from examining historical stock returns is that they are more volatile than many investors realize. As shown in our Talis Investment Philosophy presentation (page 30), we can use 1999 as a good example. In that year, the S&P 500 posted negative returns for 5 of the 12 months, yet the annual return was a very healthy 21.04%. April 1999, one of the months with a strong positive return, had a negative return in 10 of the 21 trading days. One of those days had a negative 2.24% return. Even though this is well understood and should be expected, it's why most investors can't tolerate an all equity portfolio and it drives behavior for those that overestimate their risk tolerance that undermines long-term success.
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